• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Liquefied-Combustion Direct Combustion (LPI) Combustion System (10) for a Gas Turbine Using a Tube-and-Shell Type Heat Exchanger to Construct a Liquefied Direct Tube Injector ("IDP") and Shell for the System of combustion (10). A first side of the IDP injector (14), either the shell side (16) or the tube side (18), conveys an oxidant such as air to the combustion chamber (12), while the the other side of the IDP injector (14) conveys fuel to the combustion chamber (12). Straight or oblique holes (34) drilled in an end plate (32) of the combustion chamber (12) allow fuel to enter the combustion chamber (12)
    公开号:FR3054645A1
    申请号:FR0951400
    申请日:2009-03-05
    公开日:2018-02-02
    发明作者:Benjamin P Lacy；Balachandar Varatharajan；Willy Steve Ziminski；Gilbert Otto Kraemer；Gregory Allen Boardman；Ertan Yilmaz；Patrick Melton
    申请人:General Electric Co；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Holder (s): GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY.
    Extension request (s)
    Agent (s): CASALONGA & ASSOCIES.
    SEE POOR POINT DIRECT INJECTION COMBUSTION SYSTEM.
    FR 3 054 645 - A1 (5 £) Combustion system (10) with direct lean mixture injection (IDP) for a gas turbine using a tube type heat exchanger and shell to build a direct lean mixture injector (“ IDP) with tubes and grille for the combustion system (10). A first side of the IDP injector (14), either the shell side (16) or the tube side (18), conveys an oxidant such as air to the combustion chamber (12), while the the other side of the IDP injector (14) routes fuel to the combustion chamber (12). Straight or oblique holes (34) drilled in an end plate (32) of the combustion chamber (12) allow fuel to enter the combustion chamber (12)


    B09-0699FR
    Said company: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
    Combustion system with direct injection of lean mixture
    Invention of: LACY Benjamin P.
    VARATHARAJAN Balachandar ZIMINSKY Willy Steve KRAEMER Gilbert O. BOARDMAN Gregory Allen YILMAZ Ertan
    MELTON Patrick
    Priority of a patent application filed in the United States of America on March 12, 2008 under n ° 12 / 073.939
    Combustion system with direct injection of lean mixture
    The present invention relates to steam turbines and, more particularly, to a direct lean mixture injection (IDP) combustion system using a type of tube and shell heat exchanger to supply fuel and air to the combustion chamber.
    Most combustion processes have, in one way or another, a recirculation flow zone. The recirculation flow zone tends to stabilize the combustion reaction zone, but an unnecessarily large recirculation zone may cause high emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO X ) from the combustion systems.
    It is known that direct injection of lean mixture gives a possibility of reducing NO X emissions. However, building a combustion chamber to inject many fuel and air streams in a simple and uniform manner is a challenge. Ordinarily, combustion chambers without premix use multiple fuel passages to inject fuel from a diffuser into air passing through an outer ring of the diffuser. This requires multiple diffusers with multiple separate passages for air and fuel, all mounted during a complicated initial assembly.
    The IDP tube and shell combustion system according to the present invention provides a means for easily constructing a combustion system composed of many sets of IDP injectors with a uniform flow of air and fuel through all passages using a concept similar to that of a tube and shell type heat exchanger. A shell and tube heat exchanger consists of a plate containing a bundle of tubes. A first fluid passes through the tubes and another fluid passes over the tubes, passes through the calender, in order to transfer heat between the two fluids.
    The present invention relates to a direct lean mixture injection (IDP) combustion system using a tube and shell type heat exchanger to construct a direct lean mixture (IDP) pipe and shell injector used with the combustion system. . According to the present invention, a first side of the injector, either the shell or the tubes, conveys an oxidant such as air to a combustion chamber, while the other side of the IDP injector routes fuel to the combustion chamber. The tubes convey the oxidant (or fuel, or a diluent or combinations thereof) to the combustion chamber, while straight or oblique holes drilled or otherwise provided in an end plate of the chamber Combustion allows fuel (or oxidant, or diluent or combinations thereof) to enter the combustion chamber from the calender. Heat exchanger construction techniques, such as soldering or welding, are used to assemble the parts of the IDP combustion system.
    The invention will be better understood on studying the detailed description of an embodiment taken by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
    - Figure 1 is a partial sectional view, in perspective, of a first embodiment of the tube and calender combustion system with direct injection of lean mixture according to the present invention;
    - Figure 2 is another partial sectional view, in perspective of the embodiment of the tube combustion system and calender with direct injection of lean mixture of Figure 1, showing holes in the end plate of the chamber combustion to introduce fuel into the combustion chamber from the shell side and air from the tube side;
    - Figure 2A is a schematic sectional view illustrating two different methods for providing holes for fuel and air in the end plate of the combustion chamber;
    - Figure 3 shows another possible embodiment of the embodiment of the IDP tube and shell combustion system, in which increasingly larger plates are nested one inside the other and are used with groups of corresponding tubes;
    - Figure 4 shows another possible embodiment of the embodiment of the IDP tube and shell combustion system, in which, to form the tubes, flattened tubes or bars / heavy plates or the wing plate; and
    - Figures 5A to 5D show yet another possible embodiment of the embodiment of the IDP tube and shell combustion system, which uses an IDP tube and shell assembly which includes a set of plates in which is inserted a set of tubes.
    Figure 1 is a partial sectional view, in perspective, of a first embodiment of the combustion system 10 with tubes and calender with direct injection of lean mixture according to the present invention. The combustion system 10 with tubes and calender at IDP comprises a combustion chamber 12 and a direct injector 14 of lean mixture with tubes and calender which conveys fuel and an oxidant such as air to the combustion chamber 12 .
    The IDP 14 with tubes and shell consists of a shell 16 and a bundle or a plurality of tubes 16 arranged inside the shell 16. In the embodiment of the IDP 14 shown in FIG. 1, the fuel is conveyed to the combustion chamber 12 by the tube side of the IDP 14. However, according to another possibility, one or the other side could contain fuel, air or a thinner or any combination thereof.
    Figure 2 is another partial sectional view, in perspective of the embodiment of the combustion system 10 with tubes and calender with direct injection of lean mixture of Figure 1, showing two sets of holes in an end plate of the combustion chamber 12 for introducing, into the combustion chamber 12, fuel from the shell side 16 and air from the tube side 18.
    The plurality of tubes 18 inside the shell 16 extend over the entire interior of the shell 16 from a first end plate 20 of the shell 16 to a second end plate 22 of the shell 16. The first end plate has a plurality of holes 24 drilled or otherwise formed therein and into which the first ends 26 of the tubes end. The plurality of holes 24 in the end plate 20 correspond, in number , to the plurality of tubes 18 inside the shell 16. The second end plate 22 of the shell 16 also includes a plurality of holes 30 drilled or otherwise formed therein and into which second ends 38 end tubes 18.
    In the immediate vicinity of the end plate 22 of the calender 16 is an end plate or cover 32 of the combustion chamber 12. The end plate 32 is shown by transparency in FIGS. 1 and 2, so to be able to conveniently illustrate the holes present in the end plate 32 for injecting fuel and air into the combustion chamber 12.
    Air enters the combustion chamber 12 through the tube side 18 of the IDP 14 of the embodiment of the combustion system 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2 , a plurality of all 34 are drilled or otherwise provided in the end plate 32. The holes 34 correspond, by their number and their arrangement, to the holes 30 of the end plate 22. In this way, the holes 34 can serve to inject air into the combustion chamber 12. To this end, the first end plate 20 of the calender 16 is joined to an upstream chamber 40 shown in the figure
    1. The air coming from the upstream chamber 40 enters the holes 24 of the end plate 20 and passes through the tubes 18 into the combustion chamber 12 via the holes 34 of the end plate 32.
    Fuel enters the combustion chamber 12 through the shell side 16 of the IDP 14. The shell 16 has a fuel inlet 28 through which fuel is pumped into the shell 16. The end plate 22 of the calender 16 also has a plurality of holes 29 for fuel corresponding to a plurality of holes 3 8 for fuel present in the end plate 32 of the combustion chamber 12. The fuel passing through the holes 29 for fuel, then through the holes 38 for fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 12 from the air holes 34 connected to the tubes 18. As can be seen from FIG. 2, for each air hole 34 of the end plate 32 of the chamber combustion 12, there are preferably at least one pair of holes 38 for fuel on either side thereof. The shell side 16, the fuel inlet 26, the holes 29 for fuel in the end plate 22 and the holes 38 for fuel through the end plate 32 have dimensions designed to ensure uniform dimensions of the holes everywhere. for a good fuel supply to the combustion chamber 12.
    The tubes 18 and the calender 16 can be assembled by brazing or welding. The holes 34 for air and the holes 38 for fuel can be drilled or formed through the end plate 32 using any conventional method. In the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the holes 38 for fuel start with a rectilinear orientation, then become oblique at their outlet in the end plate 32 to inject fuel into the air stream arriving from the holes 34 for air. In FIG. 2, the holes 38 for fuel are shown at their outlet in the combustion chamber 12, but they could be arranged so as to cross the holes for air present in the end plate 32, thereby allowing a some air and fuel premix before entering the combustion chamber 12. It should be emphasized that the holes 38 for fuel and air could also be provided either in alignment with the tubes arriving through the end plate 32 , or completely obliquely to the tubes arriving through the end plate 32. It should also be emphasized that the number or the location of the fuel holes 38 arranged around an air hole could be different, in particular function of optimizing the performance of the combustion system 10.
    FIG. 2A is a schematic sectional view illustrating two different methods for providing holes for fuel and for air in the end plate 32 of the combustion chamber. The first method consists in making rectilinear holes 38A through the end plate 32, in a manner similar to those shown in the figure
    2. The second method consists in providing the holes 38B for air and for fuel in an oblique manner to give an obliquity to the flow entering the combustion chamber. A combination of different oblique tubes around the combustion chamber can be used to swirl the flow.
    The grille side 16 of the IDP 14 has dimensions allowing it to accommodate as many IDP injection tubes 18 as desired. The combustion system 10 could contain a single large IDP 14 with tubes and shell so that the end plate 22 of the IDP 14 is the cover 32 of the combustion chamber 12, or the combustion system 10 could contain a number of smaller IDPs 14 with tubes and calender, mounted in the immediate vicinity of each other in a configuration around the cover 32 of the combustion chamber 12.
    In another possible embodiment of the combustion system 10, the fuel could be supplied to the tube side 18 and the air could be supplied to the shell side 16 so that the air is injected into the fuel. In addition, the fuel side or the air side could have a mixture of air and pre-mixed fuel instead of using pure fuel or clean air so that the air and fuel mix more quickly in the chamber. 12. The fuel side or the air side could also contain some combination of diluents as a means of introducing diluents into the combustion chamber 12.
    Another possible embodiment of the combustion system 10 according to the present invention could use multiple tube assemblies and / or separate shell sections (internally partitioned) in the tube and shell IDP 14 to allow the use of multiple different combinations of air / fuel / diluent using multiple different combinations of IDP. In FIG. 3 is shown an example of this type of embodiment in which increasingly large plates, for example plates 16A to 16G, nested one inside the other are used with corresponding groups of tubes, for example 18A to 18B, leading to holes 29A to 29G in the end plate 22.
    Other embodiments of the combustion system 10 according to the present invention could use flattened tubes 118 terminating in holes 130 for air, surrounded by a greater number of holes 129 for fuel, as shown in FIG. 4A, or strong bars / sheets or finned sheet metal (thin wrinkled metal sheets) 218 or 318 leading to holes 230 or 330 for air surrounded by numerous holes 229 or 329) for fuel, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C. The bars / heavy plates or the plate with fins could be assembled by brazing to separate the various passages of fuel / air / diluent. Another embodiment could have larger and larger tubes nested one inside the other, the spaces between the tubes containing in turn air, fuel, diluent or some combination of each. Yet another embodiment could use tubes of various dimensions / shapes in any combination to achieve optimum performance.
    FIGS. 5A to 5D illustrate yet another embodiment of the IDP tube and grille combustion system according to the present invention. The combustion system 50 represented in FIGS. 5A to 5D comprises a combustion chamber 52 and a set of direct injector 52 of lean mixture with tubes and calender which supplies fuel and air to the combustion chamber 52. IDP 54 with tubes and grille consists of a grille assembly 56 and a assembly of tubes 58 disposed within the grille assembly 56.
    The grille assembly 56 consists of a large cylinder 60 which is hollow at its center and inside which is inserted the tube assembly 58 (Figure 5C), as shown in Figure 5D, and two flanges 62 and 64 which are welded to the outside of the cylinder 60 to give mechanical strength to the cylinder 60.
    The tube assembly 58 consists of a first end plate 66, a second end plate 68 and a bundle or a plurality of tubes 70 extending between the end plates 66 and 68. The first end plate 66 comprises a plurality of holes 72 drilled or otherwise formed therein to receive air or fuel coming from an upstream chamber 74. The second end plate 68 comprises a plurality of holes 76 and 78 for injecting air and fuel into the combustion chamber 62. The tubes 70 extend between holes 72 and 76. The configuration of holes 72 and 76 is similar to those of holes 34 and 38 shown in Figure 2.
    To the grille assembly 56 are fixed two additional flanges 76 and 78 (FIGS. 5A and 5B) serving to fix the assembly 56 to corresponding flanges 80 and 82, respectively on the upstream chamber 69 and the combustion chamber 52. L the grille assembly 56 also includes a fuel inlet 84 through which fuel is pumped into the grille assembly 56. The fuel introduced into the grille assembly 56 is in turn injected into the combustion chamber 52 by the holes 78 of the end plate 68.
    The IDP tube and shell combustion system according to the present invention produces less NO X emissions than the MNQC injectors for silent combustion according to the prior art. Tests have shown that with the combustion system the levels of ΝΟχ are half that of those obtained under similar conditions with MNQC injectors. This could offer a great benefit in terms of emissions and / or reduce the need for diluents. The combustion system according to the present invention also ensures better distribution of fuel and air, therefore better combustion. It makes it possible to produce very small or very large injectors. It can replace the current MNQC technology or the current broadcasters in DLN technology. It can also be used instead of injectors
    MNQC according to the prior art in any synthesis gas engine or in place of diffusers in any existing DLN combustion chamber.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Combustion system (10), comprising:
    a combustion chamber (12) for burning a mixture of air and fuel, and a direct lean mixture injector (14) for injecting fuel and air into the combustion chamber (12), the injector comprising:
    a shell (16) having an inlet (28) for pumping air or fuel into the shell (16), the shell (16) having a first end (22) connected to the combustion chamber (12) , and a plurality of tubes (18) arranged inside the calender (16);
    the combustion chamber (12) comprising an end plate (32) provided with a first plurality of holes (34) for injecting into the combustion chamber (12) air from the shell (16) or tubes (18), and a second plurality of holes (38) for injecting into the combustion chamber (12) fuel from the shell (16) or tubes (18).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the calender (16) conveys fuel to the combustion chamber (12) and the plurality of tubes (18) routes air to the combustion chamber (12).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the calender (16) routes air to the combustion chamber (12) and the plurality of tubes (18) routes fuel to the combustion chamber combustion (12).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the calender (16) and the plurality of tubes (16) respectively convey, to the combustion chamber (12), air and fuel, fuel and air or a combination of air and fuel and / or a diluent.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the shell (16) comprises a first end plate (20) provided with a third plurality of holes (24) formed in the first end plate (20) for receiving air or fuel from a chamber (40) connected to the first end plate (20), and a second end plate (22) connected to the combustion chamber (12) and having a fourth plurality of holes (30) in the second end plate (32) for supplying air or fuel to the combustion chamber (12), the plurality of tubes (18) extending between the third and fourth pluralities of holes (24, 30) formed in the first and second end plates (20, 22).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Combustion system according to claim 5, wherein the second end plate (22) of the calender (16) has a fifth plurality of holes (29) formed in the second end plate for supplying air or fuel to the combustion chamber.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Combustion system according to claim 1, wherein the second plurality of holes (38) are provided in alignment with the tubes (18) through the end plate (32) of the combustion chamber.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the first and second pluralities of holes (34, 38) are formed obliquely with respect to the tubes (18) through the end plate (32) of the combustion chamber.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the second plurality of holes (38) are formed obliquely inside the end plate (32) of the combustion chamber so as to cross the first plurality of holes (34) so that the fuel supplied by the second plurality of holes (38) mixes with the air supplied by the first plurality of holes (34).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Combustion system according to claim 1, in which the plurality of tubes (18) are fixed by brazing or welding to the shell (16), and in which the end plate (22) of the shell is a cover for the combustion chamber.
    1/9
    2/9
    3/9
    4/9 œ
    CM
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102009003603A1|2009-09-17|
    CN101532679B|2013-12-25|
    FR3054645B1|2019-06-21|
    JP2009216377A|2009-09-24|
    JP5536354B2|2014-07-02|
    CN101532679A|2009-09-16|
    US8042339B2|2011-10-25|
    US20090229269A1|2009-09-17|
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    法律状态:
    2017-03-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    2018-03-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 10 |
    2018-07-06| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180706 |
    2019-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 11 |
    2020-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 12 |
    2021-02-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 13 |
    2022-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 14 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US12073939|2008-03-12|
    US12/073,939|US8042339B2|2008-03-12|2008-03-12|Lean direct injection combustion system|
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